The Consultants budget category is used for individuals or firms that provide advice or specific, defined services that support a sponsored project but do not perform substantive project work or directly carry out the project’s scientific aims.

Consulting services may be used to support technical, scientific, or professional aspects of a project when the work is limited in scope and duration and does not involve project design or execution.

Note: UMB faculty cannot be listed as consultants. 

When to Use the Consultants Budget Category

Use the Consultants category when an individual or firm:

  • Provides advisory services or specialized expertise
  • Performs discrete, defined activities
  • Does not have responsibility for project design, data interpretation, or decision-making
  • Does not carry out a significant portion of the project’s scope of work

Consulting firms may also be included under this category when they provide services that meet the criteria above.

On NIH applications, unpaid consultants may be listed as Other Significant Contributors.

Collaborator or Consultant?

Proposal Requirements

When proposing consultant services, the routed proposal must include:

  • A letter of commitment from each consultant confirming their intent to participate
  • A description of services or activities to be performed
  • An estimate of the time required
  • The rate of payment, typically per hour or per day

Consultant compensation must be reasonable and consistent with the consultant’s customary fees for comparable services, particularly for non-government contracts and grants. Always review sponsor-specific proposal instructions, as some sponsors impose limits on consultant compensation.

Budget Justification

The budget justification must include:

  • Consultant name and institutional affiliation
  • Description of the consultant’s area of expertise
  • Explanation of how the consulting fee was calculated
    (e.g., $X/day × number of days, hourly rate, or milestone-based payment)

Agreement Requirements

All consulting agreements are issued by Procurement Services.

  • A signed consulting agreement must be in place before work begins
  • The agreement must clearly describe:
    • Services or activities to be performed
    • Reports or deliverables
    • Timeframe and payment terms

Submit the requisition to Procurement Services in advance to ensure timely execution.

Reference

Procurement Guidelines for Consulting Services

Collaborator vs. Consultant (and Other Project Roles)

The roles of Collaborator, Other Significant Contributor, and Consultant are distinct and have important implications for budgeting, compliance, and contracting.

  • Provides advice or defined services
  • Does not perform substantive project work
  • Has no programmatic decision-making authority
  • Is paid under a consulting agreement
  • Is not responsible for project outcomes

  • Contributes intellectually or scientifically to the project
  • May participate in design, execution, or interpretation
  • Often involved in publications
  • Is typically included as Senior/Key Personnel or under a subaward, depending on scope

  • Contributes to the project but does not commit measurable effort
  • Often used for unpaid consultants
  • Listed in NIH applications but not budgeted for salary

Correct classification is essential to ensure compliance with sponsor requirements, proper budgeting, and appropriate contractual arrangements.

NIH and Sponsor Resources on Project Roles

The following resources provide additional guidance on role classification and budgeting:

  • NIH: Project Team Roles
  • NIH FAQs on Senior/Key Personnel
  • NIH guidance on Other Significant Contributors
  • Collaborators from University System of Maryland institutions
  • Kuali Research and Key Persons
  • NIAID article on project roles

Need Help?

If you are unsure whether an individual should be classified as a consultant, collaborator, or another role, contact Sponsored Programs Administration (SPA) before proposal submission.

Early clarification helps avoid budget revisions, delays in award setup, and compliance issues during audit.